On locked input:
Ok, so yeah, it's the second error itself that locks the input down or so.
First there is this error when it tries to get targeting CTH, wrongly thinking it should strafe -> we don't see a tooltip (see the first image in the OP). But as said before, the input isn't disabled at that stage. Sam can do other things like HtH attack. He can move and it will update targeting info correctly, and then there is no problem when shooting at previously bugged enemies. So the first error isn't cause of the locked input.
But if I will try to shoot (right-click) at the moment when the targeting info is still bugged (ie. no tooltip), it will disable player's input, then throw an exception, not enabling the input afterwards for the rest of the battle*. This second exception happening at the right-click, see the 2nd log error above, is the consequence of the first targeting error state.
Ad (*): In the log from the point of the bugged shot, there is no line with "BattleControlScript.EnablePlayerInput" happening anymore.
On strafing error:
Now back to the first exception - why the game tries to get ranged CTH via strafing when Sam clearly sees his targets?
Attached are images of two more situations and the log excerpts from 3 for the last couple of turns:
Sam -> brother -> sister -> Sam (when the error happens)
I'm not much wiser from that, but maybe it will help you.
Was able to recreate several times though, so at least can try categorize stuff. But take it with a grain of salt.
Certain: Sam has to be at the corner and points at either of enemies with pistol equipped.
Less-certain:
-- was able to recreate this at the full-cover corners of the car.
-- brother and sister are standing next to each other, at least one of them is adjacent to Sam.
-- they are usually in Sam's LOS.
-- the error occurs right at the Sam's turn start -> the source is perhaps in one of the previous turns (eg. the sister's?)
Phantoms:
-- usually after brother was wounded in one of the previous turns
-- both enemies moved in the last turn, pathfinding around each other
-- one of them attacks Sam, or tries to or so
-- tried to click or point the mouse on various places during the sister's turn (but seen no input enabled during their turn)